Manufacture of chenille



Jan., 26, 1932. R. L. SANDEMAN MANUFAGTURE oF CHENILLE Filed March 26, 1931 Patented Jan. 26, 1932 RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN, OF BEARSDEN, SCOTLAND MANUFACTUR-E F CHENILLE Application filed March 26, 1931, Serial No. 525,500, and in Great Britain April 5, 1930.

This invention relates to the manufacture of chenille for use in well known manner as pile in the manufacture of chenille Axminster carpets, rugs, and other chenille fabrics.

At present, it is usual to weave the preparatory cloth according to the well known gauze or Leno principle and to cut the said cloth into strips of fur constituting the chenille. A strip of fur made in this manner comprises l0 short tufts of weft which are interwoven with a number' of ground warps and are bound to said warps by whips (i. e. binding warps).

The arrangement is such that the whips pass over the warps and under the tufts of weft and tend to bend their ends upwards into a lil-formation. The general practice is to form the fur by placing the strips in grooves formed in a hot roller so that the tufts of weft are bent and set in the same direction as that in which the whips tend to pull them. lt has been found in connection with this method of manufacture that there is a drawback, the strips of chenille being liable to stretch longitudinally, and also the strip is not so decided as is desirable in order to ensure an even cutting1 of the tufts constituting the pile.

One object of my invention is to provide chenille fur which will not be subject to the above drawback, and with this object in view my invention consists in weaving a preparatory cloth in which the warps lie straight above or below the wefts, or one or more warps lie straight above the wefts and one or more lie straight below them, and in which the wefts are bound to the warps by whips; dividing said ycloth into strips; and forming the strips to V-shape in the direction reverse to that in which the wefts thereof tend to 49 fold or bend under the pull of the whips, on

the outer sides of the strip.

Other objects of my invention will be apparent from the following description and appended claims.

There may be two or more warps, as desired, for each strip of fur.

The invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which zj Figs. l to 9 respectively are views of fragments of preparatory cloth showing different weaves according to which such cloth can be woven, each fragment being a short length of one strip.

Figs. l0 and ll are sections on the lines X-X and XI-XI of Figs. l and 2 respectively.

Figs. l2 and 13 are views corresponding respectively to Figs. 10 and l1 but Showing the sectional form adopted by the wefts and whips when formed into V-chenille.

With reference to Fig. l, the strip fragment therein illustrated is made up of two warps l, a series of wefts 2 and 2b, and two whips 3. The warps l both pass over all of the weftS 2a and 21. The cycle of operations in forming the weave is as follows z- The whips 3 are both passed under one shot 2a of weft between the warps l. The whips are then passed outwards over both warps. The Whips are then passed under the next shot 2" outside the warps and are again passed inwards over them. By repeat ing this cycle, a strip is formed which can be ultimately cut from the preparatory cloth and thereafter formed into chenille.

As will be apparent from Fig. l, the whips 3 Zig-zag along the respective warps 1 throughout the length of the preparatory cloth, the one whip being the exact counterpart of the other.

With reference to Fig. 2, the weave therein shown differs from that shown in Fig. l in that the whips, instead of being the counterpart of one another, are the same as one another. Th at is, when the Whips 3 are passed under each weft 2 one of them is disposed between the warps while the other is disposed outside of the warps.

It will be observed that in both of the weaves illustrated in Figs. l and 2 the whips are arranged each independently to bind one of the warps with the wefts.

With reference to Fig.` 3, the fragmentary strip therein shown includes three warps consisting of two outer warps 1EL extending above the wefts and one central warp lb eX- tending below them. There is only one whip 3, this whip zigzagging along the strip from side to side thereof.

As shown, the whip rst passes outside one of the outer warps lfL and below one of the wefts 2. The whip then rises and crosses inwards over the said warp la, then below the central warp 1b, then above the other outer warp la and finally below the net weft of the series. The whip 3 progresses in this fashion from side to side of the strip throughout the length thereof.

It will be observed that, in the weave shown in Fig. 3, the threewarps are bound together by the formation of the whip.

With reference to Fig. il, the strip fragment therein shown includes three warps l which all pass over the series of wefts 2. There are two whips 3, and these zig-Zag in a similar' manner between one outer and the central warp. Each whip in passing from the central to the respective outer warp passes outwards from below the weft over the central warp then over the outer warp and finally under the next weft. 'Ihe whip in returning passes over said outer warp, over thef central warp and then under the next 'We t'.

lVith refe-:ence to Fig. 5, the weave therein shown differs from that shown in Fig. #l in thatvthe whips 3, instead of being similar to one another, are the counter-part of one another.

By referring to Figs. e and 5, it will be obvious that in each instance the outer warps are each bound by the whips to the central warp.

Vith reference to Fig. 6, the strip fragment therein shown also includes three warps l extending over the series of wefts 2. In this weave, binding is effected by two whips 3a and 3b. The whip 3a Zig-Zags from sideto-side of the central warp throughout the length thereof, said whip passing alternately above the central warp and below the successive wefts. The other whip 3b zigzags from side-to-side of the entire strip, passing below each weft at the outside of the strip and then crossing above all three warps to the other side of the strip, where it passes below the next weft of the series.

lVith reference to Fig. 7, the weave therein shown differs from that in Fig. 6 in that,

Vwhereas the two outer warps l extend above the series of wefts, the central warp 1b extends below them. Further, the whip 3a passes alternately above the wefts and below 5 the central warp.

By referring to Figs. v6 and 7, it will be observedv that the whip 3b binds the outer warps to one another, whereas -the whip 3 independently binds the wefts to the central warp.

With reference to Fig. 8, the strip frag- Vnient therein shown includes three warps all extending over the series of wefts and three whips 3a, 3b, 3l. The whip 3a Zig-gags along the central warp passing alternately under each weft and over the central warp. One of the wefts 3b zig-zags between the central warp and one of the outer warps, passing alternately below each weft then crossing over the central and said outer warp and finally passing below the next weft of the series on the outside of said outer warp. The other whip 31 is similarly arranged with respect to the central warp and the other outer warp.

Vitl-i reference lto Fig. 9, the weave therein illustrated diders from that in Fig. 8 in that, whereas the two outer warps la extend over the series of wefts, the central warp 11 extends below them. Further, the whip 3a Zig-zagging along the central warp passes alternate-ly below said warp and over each weft.l

By referring to Figs. 8v and 9, it will be observed that the whips 31 bind the outer warps to the central warp, whereas the whip 3t binds all the wefts to the central warp.

l/Vith reference now to Figs. l0 and 1l, which show in section strips cut from preparatory cloths woven according to the weaves already described with reference to Figs. l and 2 respectively, it will be observed that the whips 3 crossing below the wefts at the outside of the strip tend to pull the wefts in the direction of the arrows drawn in dotted lines. In forming the strip into V-chenille, the wefts are folded or bent in the opposite direction, as illustrated by the arrows drawn in full lines. In order to do so, the strips. are inverted and acted upon in known manner by a hot rolle-r R having grooves, one of which is indicated by G (see Figspl2 and 13).

I have found in practice that when chenille is manufactured in this manner there is not Vthesame liability of the chenille stretching longtiudinally owing to the .fact that the straight warps extend from end to end of the strips of fur; also that a narrow solid back is given to the fur by bending it the reverse without departing from the scope of the invention.

It will be obvious that the preparatory cloth can be woven with either side uppermost, or otherwise, and I accordingly wish it to be understood that references in the l foregoing specification and appended claims to the wefts and whips passing under or over the warps, as the case may be, have been made solely in the interests of clearness and simplicity, on the assumption that the cloth l is disposed as shown in the accompanying drawings.

I wish it further to be understood that, in the following claims, whenever reference is made to warps which are straight, I mean simply that each of such warps lies either wholly above or wholly below the wefts which cross it without being interwoven therewith, as shown on the accompanying drawings.

l. it. method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving warps, wefts and whips into a preparatory cloth, said warps and whips being arranged in spaced groups, and said whips binding the wefts to the warps of the respective groups; dividing said cloth between adjacent groups to form the same into separate strips; and forming the strips to if-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

:2. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving warps, wefts and whips into a preparatory cloth, said warps being arranged in spaced groups and lying straight with respect to the wefts, and said whips being arranged in zigzag formation in order to bind the wefts to the warps of the respective groups; dividing said cloth between adjacent groups to form the same into separate strips; and forming the strips to V- shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

3. ri method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving warps, wefts and whips into a preparatory cloth, said warps being arranged to lie straight on either side of said wefts and said warps and whips being a 'ranged in spaced groups; dividing said cloth between adjacent groups to form the same into separate strips; and forming the strips to V-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

4i. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving a preparatory cloth by passing a series of wefts across straight warps and passing whips in zigzag formation over the warps and under the wefts, said warps and whips forming spaced groups; dividing said cloth between the groups to form separate strips; and forming the strips to V-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

5. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving a preparatory cloth by passing a series of wefts across straight warps and arranging whips in zigzag formation in order to independently bind the wefts to separate warps, said warps and whips forming spaced groups; dividing said cloth between the groups to form separate strips; and forming the strips to V-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

6. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving a preparatory cloth by passing a series of wefts across straight warps and arranging whips in zigzag formation to bind the wefts to the warps and also to bind associated warps together, thus providing groups of warps and whips; dividing said cloth between the groups to form separate strips; and forming the strips to V-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the weft-s tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

7. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving a preparatory cloth by passing a series of wefts across groups of outer and central straight warps and arranging whips in zig-zag formation to bind said wefts to said warps and also to bind said outer warps to said central war-ps; dividing said cloth between the groups to form separate strips; and forming the strips to V- shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

8. A method of manufacturing chenille which consists in weaving a preparatory cloth by passing a series of wefts across groups of outer and central straight warps and arranging whips in zigzag formation in order to bind the outer warps to the wefts and to cach other and also in order to bind the central wai-ps to the wefts; dividing said cloth between the groups to form separate strips; and forming the strips to tl-shape in a direction reverse to that in which the wefts tend to bend under the pull of the whips at the outer sides of the strip.

9. As an article of manufacture, a strip of chenille comprising groups of warps, a series of tufts of weft bent into V-shape across said warps, and whips which bind the tufts to the warps, said whips tending to pull the tuft ends in the direction opposite to that in which they are bent.

10. As an article of manufacture, a strip of chenille comprising a number of straight warps, a series of tufts of weft bent into V- shape and all crossing said warps at one side of each thereof, and whips which bind the tufts to the warps, said whips tending to pull the tuft ends in the di reetion opposite to that in which they are bent.

ll. As an article of manufacture, a strip of chenille comprising a number of straight warps, a series of tufts of weft bent into V- shape and all crossing said warps at one side of certain thereof and at the other side of another thereof, and whips which bind the tufts to the warps, said whips tending to pull the tuft ends in the direction opposite to that in which they are bent.

l2. As an article of manufacture, a strip of chenille comprising a number of warps,

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a .series of V-shaped tufts of weft crossing said Warps, and zig-zag Whips which bind said tufts to said Warps, said Whips passing across one side of the Warps and passing :round the -oppositefside of alternate tuft ends, thereby tending to pull said tuft ends in the direction opposite to that in which they are shaped.

13. As an article of manufacture, a strip of .chenille ycomprising a number of Warps, a `series of V-shaped tufts of weft crossing said Warps, and Zig-zag Whips Which independent- V1y bind the Wefts to separate Warps, said Whips passing across one side of the Warps and passing round the opposite side of alternate tuft ends, thereby tending to pull said :tuft ends in the direction opposite to that in which they are shaped.

14. As an article of manufacture, a strip yof chenille comprising` a number of Warps., a series of V-shaped tufts of weft crossing said Warps, and zig-zag Whips which bind said tufts to said Warps and Which bind certain of said Warps together, said whips passing across one side of the Warps and passing round the opposite side of alternate tuft ends, thereby tending to pull sai-d tuft 4ends in the direction opposite to that in which they are shaped.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

RONALD LEIGHTON SANDEMAN. 

